complement fixation การใช้

• This is the principle of the complement fixation test.
• Alternatively diagnosis can be made by complement fixation tests,
• Complement fixation causes the generation of additional inflammatory mediators
• Methods used in laboratory diagnosis include serological methods ( e . g . complement fixation test ).
• Although hexameric IgM without J chain has higher efficiency of complement fixation than pentameric IgM with J chain.
• The presence or absence of complement fixation upon a challenge can indicate whether particular antigens or antibodies are present in the blood.
• Bacterial culture, immunofluorescent antibody testing ( IFAT ), complement fixation test and haemagglutination can all be used to confirm the diagnosis.
• Antiechinococcus antibodies can be detected with serodiagnostic tests  indirect fluorescent antibody, complement fixation, ELISA, Western blot, and other methods.
• Natural serum antibodies play an important early role in the immune response to many bacteria and viruses but require complement fixation for effective antigen clearance.
• Both complement fixation, neutralisation and enzyme linked immunosorbent assays  ELISA, can also be used to aid in the process of distinguishing between viral serotypes.
• Rather than using live animals as test subjects, Canada used serological tests such as complement fixation tests to detect trypanosomes, and have been very successful.
• In its toxic phase, the disease was easily confused with typhus, so Fairley developed a complement fixation test for the disease along the lines of the Wassermann test.
• He attributed the development of the test to earlier findings of Jules Bordet and Octave Gengou ( complement fixation reaction ) and to a hypothesis introduced by Paul Ehrlich in his interpretation of antibody formation.
• Wassermann developed a complement fixation test for the diagnosis of syphilis in 1906, just one year after the causative organism, " Spirochaeta pallida ", had been identified by Fritz Schaudinn and Erich Hoffmann.
• In some species the cysts may be visible to the naked eye ( ducks, mice, rabbits and sheep ) but in most microscopic examination is required . " Ante mortem " diagnosis may be made with the use of dermal sensitivity testing or complement fixation tests.
• The end result of this "'complement activation "'or "'complement fixation "'cascade is stimulation of phagocytes to clear foreign and damaged material, proxy inflammation to attract additional phagocytes, and activation of the cell-killing membrane attack complex.
• Her studies have concerned investigating the role of surface tension depressants in immunological systems, the first complement fixation with a bacteria-free virus, the first report of wound botulism, geotrichum mycemia, nasal carriage of Clostridium tetani, antibiotic cure of rhinoscleroma, antibiotic sensitivity testing of Coccidiodes immitis, and electron microscope studies of Peptococci.